An alert patient with a long-term need for a tracheostomy tube (because of recurrent aspiration) is having difficulty communicating with the intensive care unit staff
Which of the following would you recommend to help this patient communicate better?
1. Use a letter, phrase, or picture board.
2. Consider switching to a fenestrated tracheostomy tube.
3. Consider a "talking" tracheostomy tube.
a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3
ANS: B
A better solution is a letter, phrase, or picture board. These devices allow patients to communi-cate by simple pointing. Large and simple drawings are particularly important for patients who cannot clearly see print. For conscious patients with a long-term tracheostomy and ventilator de-pendent, communication can be enhanced with a "talking" tracheostomy tube (Figure 36-29).
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A) 1 B) 2 C) M D) F
You have been asked to present a continuing education session on body mechanics and posture. In your presentation, you would advise the participants that proper posture is achieved when your:
A) Ears, shoulders, and feet are vertically aligned when sitting B) Abdomen and buttocks are positioned slightly to the posterior when standing C) Body weight is evenly distributed over the thoracic spine when sitting D) Ears, shoulders, and hips are vertically aligned when standing
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A. Emphysema B. Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease C. Chronic bronchitis D. Obesity hypoventilation syndrome
Agents that cause blood vessels to expand are known as:
A. diuretics B. vasodilators C. vasoconstrictors D. receptor blockers