The nurse caring for an 83-year-old patient with Alzheimer's disease knows that which of the following is a normal neurological change in the aging process?
A) Hyperactive deep tendon reflexes
B) Reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF)
C) Increased cerebral metabolism
D) Hypersensitivity to painful stimuli
Ans: B
Feedback: Reduction in cerebral blood flow (CBF) is a change that occurs in the normal aging process. Deep tendon reflexes can be decreased or in some cases absent. Cerebral metabolism decreases as the patient advances in age. Reaction to painful stimuli may be decreased with age. Because pain is an important warning signal, caution must be used when hot or cold packs are used.
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A nurse is caring for a client who has a stage IV pressure ulcer. Which of the following is a characteristic of this type of ulcer?
A) Presence of redness accompanied by blistering or a skin tear B) Presence of a shallow skin crater that extends to the subcutaneous tissue C) Presence of redness that fails to resume normal color when pressure is relieved D) Presence of deeply ulcerated tissue exposing muscles and bones
Signs of ________ include intolerance to cold, personality changes, fatigue, dry skin, brittle nails, slow speech, and weight gain.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Which pleural abnormality involves a site of pleural rupture that acts as a one-way valve, permitting air to enter on inspiration but preventing its escape by closing during expiration?
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