How many HLA haplotypes does each human have?
a. one
b. two
c. three
d. four
e. five
b
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Answer the following statements true (T) or false (F)
1. Technically speaking, all antibodies are immunoglobulins, but not all immunoglobulins are antibodies. 2. IgG is the largest of the five classes of immunoglobulins. 3. The primary function of NK and K cells is to kill foreign cells, virus-infected cells, and tumor cells. 4. Common allergic reactions, such as those experienced in hayfever, are also known as anaphylactic reactions. 5. IgM antibodies and basophils play major roles in anaphylactic reactions.
Which of the following statements about
complement proteins is false? a. flag antigens for destruction b. can destroy pathogens directly c. enhance lymphocyte response d. exclusively bacterial DNA associated e. none of these are correct
The ? chain of adult hemoglobin is composed of 146 amino acids of a known sequence. In comparing the normal ? chain with the ? chain in sickle-cell hemoglobin, what alteration is one likely to find?
A) trinucleotide repeats B) extensive amino acid substitutions C) glutamic acid replacing valine in the first position D) frameshift substitutions E) valine instead of glutamic acid in the sixth position
You had a cold last month and you caught another one this month from your daughter. What is the most likely cause
of this? a. Memory cells were not formed as a response to the first cold. b. The antibodies formed as a response to the first cold were degraded. c. The two cold viruses are significantly different. d. Your T cells are not working properly. e. Your antigen-presenting cells do not recognize the second cold virus.