A patient informs the nurse that he has the type of diabetes that does not require insulin. The nurse advises the patient to make which dietary change?
a. Drink plenty of fluids throughout the day to stay hydrated.
b. Avoid food high in acid to avoid metabolic acidosis.
c. Reduce the quantity of carbohydrates ingested to lower blood sugar.
d. Include a serving of dairy in each meal to elevate calcium levels.
A
The patient is indicating that he has diabetes insipidus, which places him at risk for dehydration and hypernatremia. Dehydration should be prevented by drinking plenty of fluids to replace the extra water excreted in the urine. Foods high in acid should be avoided in a patient with GERD. A reduction in carbohydrates applies to type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. Calcium-rich dairy products would be recommended for a hypocalcemic patient.
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