The nurse is assigned to work with a child who has a diagnosis of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). The nurse is aware that this means the child has which of the following problems?
a. backflow of urine from the bladder up the ureter to the kidney
b. backflow of urine from the bladder up the ureter
c. a flow of urine between the bladder and the rectum
d. exchange of urine between the inner and outer layers of the bladder
A
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A Correct. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is defined as the backflow of urine from the bladder up the ureter to the kidney. VUR results then the ureterovesical/vesicoureteral junction fails to maintain a unidirectional flow of urine from the ureter to the bladder.
B Incorrect. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is not defined as the backflow of urine from the bladder up the ureter.
C Incorrect. A flow of urine between the bladder and the rectum would indicate the presence of a fistula and is not indicative of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
D Incorrect. An exchange of urine between the inner and outer layers of the bladder is not indicative of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR).
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