The legal test applied for standing in claims of an alleged violation of the Fourth Amendment prohibition on unreasonable search and seizure requires all of the following, except:

a. Whether the defendant had an objectively reasonable expectation of privacy in the area that was searched
b. Whether the defendant had a subjectively reasonable expectation of privacy in the area that was searched
c. Both a and b
d. Neither a nor b


c. Both a and b

Criminal Justice

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Explain how the reconceptualization of rape has been reflected in significant changes in the treatment of victims

What will be an ideal response?

Criminal Justice

While the vast majority of lynching victims were African Americans, other victims were those from the North who came down South to assist the Black population during ______ and White Southerners who sympathized with Reconstruction and efforts to integrate Blacks into Southern society.

a. civil rights era b. civil war c. Reconstruction d. 1700s

Criminal Justice

Which of the following is an example of a proactive strategy to combat crime?

A. Responding to citizen calls for service B. Responding to victimless crimes using a stakeout C. Responding to citizens who approach an officer D. Responding to a crime after the perpetrator has fled E. Incident-driven policing

Criminal Justice

People are more committed to a vision statement solely developed by managers

Indicate whether the statement is true or false

Criminal Justice