In a classic study of a doomsday cult, Festinger observed that when confronted with evidence that their beliefs were wrong,
A. cult members immediately and unanimously disvowed any associations with cult
B. members engaged in a counterfactual thinking to avoid facing self-threat associated with being wrong
C. members added new elements (beliefs) that reduced any tension (dissonance) they might have been feeling
D. A and B, but not C
E. All of the above
Answer: C. members added new elements (beliefs) that reduced any tension (dissonance) they might have been feeling
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In the Gestalt view, learning entails ____
a. ?rote memorization b. ?a restructuring of the psychological environment c. ?transfer of training d. ?the principles of prägnanz and figure/ground e. ?reinforcement
Explanations of medical error frequently distinguish between the person and ______ approaches (Reason, 2000).
A. systems B. task C. problem D. diagnostic
Infants with the insecure attachment style of avoidance show deep distress when their mothers leave the room in the strange situation test
Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Cognitive-behavioral therapy may also be helpful in reducing_________, such as lack of motivation and apathy, the kinds of problem behaviors that make it difficult for patients to adjust to the demands of community living
a. positive symptoms b. hallucinations c. delusions d. negative symptoms