__________ is to focus within a person as __________ is to external forces.
A. Psychological; sociocultural
B. Sociocultural; biological
C. Sociocultural; psychological
D. Psychological; biological
Answer: A
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People often report an annoying memory failure when they walk from one end of the house to the other for something and then forget what they wanted when they reach their destination. As soon as they return to the first room, they are reminded of what they wanted in the first place. This common experience best illustrates the principle of
A. the self-reference effect. B. maintenance rehearsal. C. levels of processing theory. D. encoding specificity.
The nondirectional alternative hypothesis asserts that _________
a. the results of the experiment were due to chance alone b. no conclusions can be drawn from the experiment c. the independent variable has an effect d. the independent variable has no effect
When people are shut off from the world, such that they cannot tell what time it is by light or dark for several days, their sleep-waking cycles will most likely
a. stay exactly as it was since this cycle is innate and cannot be modified. b. shorten to an average of about 20 hours. c. lengthen to more than 24 hours. d. become completely disrupted and erratic.
Which of the following statements about brain changes in older adults is true?
a. There are no visible differences between the brains of older and younger adults. b. Declines in the size of the pre-frontal lobe are associated with declines in memory performance in older adults. c. Brains continue to grow throughout the lifespan. d. Declines in the size of the occipital lobe are associated with declines in memory performance in older adults.