Which patient would the group co-leaders determine is demonstrating Yalom's therapeu-tic factor termed universality?
a. Patient A, who states he realizes he is not the only person who has a problem with loneliness
b. Patient B, who displays dysfunctional interaction patterns learned in his family of origin
c. Patient C, who states he finally feels a strong sense of belonging
d. Patient D, who openly expresses his anger about his work
ANS: A
Universality is the factor that refers to understanding that one is not unique, that others share thoughts, reactions, and discomforts like your own. Dysfunctional interaction refers to cor-rective recapitulation of the family group. A strong sense of belonging provides an example of cohesiveness. Display of anger is an example of catharsis.
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