Define and describe collective behavior and institutional behavior
What will be an ideal response?
Collective behavior is voluntary, often spontaneous activity that is engaged in by a large number of people and typically violates dominant-group norms and values. Unlike organizational behavior found in corporations and voluntary associations (such as labor unions and environmental organizations), collective behavior lacks an official division of labor, hierarchy of authority, and established rules and procedures. Unlike institutional behavior (in education, religion, or politics), collective behavior lacks institutionalized norms to govern behavior. Collective behavior can take various forms, including crowds, mobs, riots, panics, fads, fashions, and public opinion. According to sociologist Steven M .Buechler, early sociologists studied collective behavior because they lived in a world that was responding to the processes of urbanization, industrialization, and proletarianization of workers. Contemporary forms of collective behavior, particularly social protests, are variations on the theme that originated during the transition from feudalism to capitalism and the rise of modernity in Europe. Today, some forms of collective behavior and social movements are directed toward public issues such as air pollution, water pollution, and the exploitation of workers in global sweatshops by transnational corporations.
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Alfred's grandfather Paulo immigrated to the United States with no money, but got a job as a janitor, worked hard, saved his money, and made sure his children were able to stay in school instead of dropping out to help support the family
Paulo's son Gabriel (Alfred's father) went to college on a scholarship and started his own small business after graduating with a bachelor's degree. Over time he was able to expand his business and make enough money to send Alfred to an elite university. Alfred then got into medical school and became an eye surgeon; he now has a high-salaried position at a major regional hospital, a home worth millions of dollars in an exclusive neighborhood, and a vacation home in ski country. This is an example of intergenerational mobility. Indicate whether the statement is true or false
Subjects were asked to indicate the painfulness of the shocks they administered in Milgram's experiment, with 14 being "extremely painful" and 0 being "not at all painful." The modal (i.e., most common) response was _____
a. 0 b. 1 c. 7 d. 11 e. 14
From the research on intelligence, we know that, with increasing age,
a. there are gains in information-processing abilities. b. there are losses in information-processing abilities. c. there are declines in experience-based processes. d. information-processing abilities and experience-based processes remain stable.
The minimal standard adopted by the Swedish government to assure that all children are cherished and respected is:
a. access to free high-quality medical and dental care for children. b. low rates of infant and child mortality. c. the entitlement of children to be home with his or her parents for the first year of life. d. a and b above