What is design for environment (DfE)? List and briefly describe five different engineering practices that reflect DfE.
What will be an ideal response?
DfE is a set of engineering practices based on the principle that environmental protection is best accomplished by designing it into products and process rather than managing hazards and problems in the middle or later stages of a life cycle.
The 5 basic DfE practices introduced in this chapter are:
1. Dematerialization, the reduction in the amount of materials required for a product without changing its functionality.
2. Design for recyclability, to facilitate materials recovery and reuse.
3. Design for disassembly, in which products are designed to readily come apart into their constituent components for reuse or recycling.
4. Remanufacturing, the process of recovering product modules and components, repairing and refurbishing them, and then reusing them again in new production or sales.
5. Minimized use of energy, toxic materials, and toxic production processes to limit the environmental release or disposal of contaminants.
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