Mike and Jeff are brothers who have just moved with their parents into a beautiful old house. Mike soon discovers that if he flushes the toilet while Jeff is taking a shower, it will cause the water in the shower to become scalding hot. Naturally, Jeff screams as his reflexes cause him to leap backward in pain. After Mike has repeated this procedure several times, Jeff has begun to twitch
involuntarily every time he hears any toilet flush. In this example, the sound of the flushing toilet would be the
a. conditioned response (CR).
b. conditioned stimulus (CS).
c. unconditioned response (UR).
d. unconditioned stimulus (US).
B
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Amita was just grounded by her parents. She is not allowed to use her computer or cell phone, or watch television. Which method of punishment are Amita's parents using?
a. token economy b. removal of a reinforcer c. verbal reprimand d. time-out e. removal of a negative reinforce
Concerning the need for sleep, (a) describe the average range and the differences in short and long sleepers' total hours of sleep per night, (b) explain why adolescents need more sleep and why they tend to show hypersomnia, and (c) describe how aging affects the sleep patterns of adults
What will be an ideal response?
In a historic experiment with 11-month-old Albert, John Watson demonstrated that __________
A) children cannot be conditioned to fear a formerly neutral stimulus B) infants as young as a few months old will repeat a behavior to obtain a desirable reward C) children can be conditioned to fear a formerly neutral stimulus D) children have an innate, inborn fear of rats
The difference between rote learning and meaningful learning is the difference between
a. episodic memory and semantic memory. b. maintenance rehearsal and elaborative rehearsal. c. short-term memory and long-term memory. d. sensory processing and semantic processing.