The pediatric nurse caring for patients in a trauma center examines a patient who has increased intracranial pressure as a result of a motor vehicle crash. The nurse is aware that secondary brain injuries can result from which factor?
A.
Acidosis
B.
Ischemia
C.
Infections
D.
Reduced oxygen
ANS: B
Primary brain injury is irreversible, immediate, and can result from traumatic injuries (e.g., a blow to the head) or nontraumatic injuries (e.g., a tumor or infection). Secondary brain injuries include ischemia from hypoxia, hypercapnia, hypotension, acidosis, and reduced oxygen delivery.
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