One can rule out the possibility of reverse causality if one can establish that
a. X always precedes Y in time.
b. Y, always precedes X in time.
c. X may occur either before Y or after Y.
d. It is impossible to say what the time relationship between X and Y is.
A
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Why do you think Seth is not participating productively in the group task?
What will be an ideal response?
Reading aloud for middle school students is
A. a waste of time, they should read to themselves B. boring and it is difficult to keep their attention. C. important if there is time during the school schedule. D. an important and appropriate strategy.
A multiple baseline design may be applied
a. across students, settings, or conditions b. to evaluate student end-of-year status c. to compare a student to performance standards d. all of the above e. a and b
During flexible grouping, which of the choices below is not happening?
A. whole class introductory discussions B. coaching from within the group C. learners interacting D. grouping is fixed