Cozy City lies on the shore of a bay that empties into the Atlantic Ocean. Downcycler Waste Company picks up garbage and trash from local businesses. Further inland, Eschew Corporation collects radioactive waste from the local utility's nuclear power plant. On the other side of the bay, Fort Cozy Military Base stores chemical warfare supplies for disposal. Can Downcycler, Eschew, or Fort Cozy dump their waste in the ocean?

What will be an ideal response?


The local waste removal service Downcycler may be able to dispose of some of its waste in the ocean. Federal law (the Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act, also known as the Ocean Dumping Act) regulates the transportation and dumping of pollutants in ocean waters, and provides permit programs for some materials. Certain areas are designated marine sanctuaries. Dumping of chemical warfare supplies and high-level radioactive waste (as well as other radiological, chemical, and biological wastes) into the ocean is prohibited under the Ocean Dumping Act, however. Civil penalties and criminal fines are possible up to $50,000 each. Imprisonment for up to a year and an injunction may also be ordered.

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