Which of the following information must be analyzed to derive an adequate explanation of disease? (Select all that apply.)
a. Description of commonalities among those who became ill
b. Depiction of the possible pathogen
c. Explanation of the health care system in the community
d. Portrayal of the geographic area where people became ill
e. Review of the methods by which disease can be spread
f.
Substances that are effective in sanitizing the area described
ANS: A, B, D
The epidemiological triangle includes the agent (pathogen), host (people who are susceptible and become ill), and environment (the geographic area where people became ill). These three areas allow for an explanation of disease. Explanation of the health care system in the community, review of the methods by which disease can spread, and substances that are effective in sanitizing are not part of examining the epidemiological triangle.
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The client has been brought via ambulance to the emergency department (ED) following a motor vehicle accident. The nurse notes that the client's ear is draining clear fluid. Which is the priority nursing action?
1. Requesting information from the client regarding any chronic allergies. 2. Testing the drainage for glucose. 3. Asking the client if there have been recent middle ear infections. 4. Irrigating the ear with warm mineral oil or peroxide, and flushing with warm water.
The nurse encourages a patient who has been vomiting to drink fluids because the body fluid lost daily must match the amount of fluid taken in to maintain homeostasis. What is the recommended daily amount of fluid for an adult?
a. 1000 mL b. 1500 mL c. 2050 mL d. 2500 mL
Health screening activities are designed to:
1) Detect disease at an early stage. 2) Determine treatment options. 3) Assess lifestyle habits. 4) Identify healthcare beliefs.
While you (M. Tom, RN) were at lunch, another nurse (C. Lu, RN) charted the prn medication C. Lu gave to your client. You had not charted that you changed the client's dressing. Of the following charting entries, which would be most appropriate?
1. 11:20 a.m. prn med given as ordered. C. Lu, RN; 12:00 noon Abdominal dressing changed at 10:30 a.m. per Dr. Su. Suture line intact with serosanguineous drainage noted at proximal edge. M. Tom, RN 2. 11:20 a.m. prn med given as ordered. C. Lu, RN; No need to chart dressing change since there were no signs of infection or bleeding. 3. 10:30 a.m. Abdominal dressing changed per Dr. Su. Suture line intact with serosanguineous drainage noted at proximal edge. M. Tom, RN prior to the 11:20 a.m. prn med given as ordered. C. Lu, RN entry. 4. 11:20 a.m. prn med given as ordered C. Lu, RN; 12:00 noon Addendum 10:30 a.m. Abdominal dressing changed per Dr. Su. Suture line intact with serosanguineous drainage noted at proximal edge. M. Tom, RN