In 1972, a very controversial study asserted that income differences among individuals did not depend on genetic differences in reasoning ability, or differences between schools, or family background. Moreover, the effects of level of schooling are much less than previously understood. After controlling for all of these background variables, much of the variation in earnings appeared to be
random. From this analysis, one might reach the very controversial conclusion that earnings depended to a very great extent on
a. human capital.
b. ability.
c. schooling.
d. luck.
d
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According to the modern view of the Phillips curve, expansionary macroeconomic policy that leads to inflation will reduce unemployment
a. only if people underestimate the inflationary side effects of the policy. b. only if people overestimate the inflationary side effects of the policy. c. if people accurately anticipate the inflationary side effects of the policy. d. only if monetary policy provides the macroeconomic stimulus.
Describe the difference between the simple quantity theory of money and the equation of exchange
Suppose the government of New Country fixes the exchange rate of its currency, the Newo, in terms of the U.S. dollar. Initially the exchange rate is set at $0.50 per Newo. Later the government changes the exchange rate to $0.75 per Newo. This is an example of a(n):
A. appreciation B. revaluation C. depreciation D. devaluation
Advertising costs and other selling costs are
A) efficient. B) fixed costs. C) variable costs. D) marginal costs. E) considered as part of demand because they affect the demand for the good.