One function of both alcohol fermentation and lactic acid fermentation is to _____
A) reduce NAD+ to NADH
B) reduce FAD+ to FADH2
C) oxidize NADH to NAD+
D) reduce FADH2 to FAD+
C
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Which of these statements INCORRECTLY describes an example of pleiotropy?
A. A mutation in a Cl-transport protein causes infertility and excessive mucus in the lungs. B. A mutation in a gene for microtubule formation causes a defect in sperm motility and cilia movement in the respiratory tract. C. A mutation in a lipid metabolism gene leads to a buildup of lipids in cells, causing blindness and paralysis. D. A mutation in the phenylalanine hydroxylase gene can cause mental retardation and loss of motor skills. E. A mutation in one allele for phenylalanine hydroxylase results in lower levels of this enzyme in the blood, which causes high blood levels of phenylalanine.
Which is the correct order of blood vessels in the systemic circulation, beginning when the blood leaves the heart?
1.Arteriole, artery, capillary, venule, vein 2.Artery, arteriole, capillary, venule, vein 3.Vein, venule, capillary, arteriole, artery 4.Vein, venule, arteriole, capillary, artery
Mycoplasma tuberculosis, the causative agent in tuberculosis, primarily infects the alveolar macrophages and is therefore very fortunate in its size. Why is this statement true?
A) It is just large enough to land in the mucociliary ladder, where type II macrophages phagocytize them. B) It is too small to be caught in the mucociliary ladder and too large to be immediately exhaled, thereby landing it in the alveoli. C) It is just small enough to land in the bronchi, where it is absorbed by alveolar macrophages. D) It is just large enough to land in the respiratory bronchiole, where it migrates to the alveoli. E) It is just small enough to land in the mucociliary ladder, where it is moved to the alveoli to infect macrophages.
During fermentation, ________ is recycled by transferring its electrons to a molecule other than oxygen.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).