What is continuity theory? Describe how the aging process can be affected by levels of continuity. What are some of the consequences of discontinuity?

Question

What will be an ideal response?

Answer 1

Building on activity theory, continuity theory uses the concept of normal aging as a basis for explaining how older individuals adjust. Here, "normal aging" describes the circumstances of those who are able to live independently, provide for their economic well-being, purchase nutritious foods, and meet their clothing and transportation needs. These are individuals who enjoy stability in this transitory life period as well as an active involvement in the process itself.
The crux of continuity theory is the existence of internal and external continuity. Inner continuity is our definition of who we are. It refers to inner qualities such as our preferences, temperament, and skills we have acquired. Atchley uses an Alzheimer's patient as an example of someone without inner continuity, because the person does not remember his or her identity, behavior patterns, or abilities. The loss of inner continuity is also problematic for others who attempt to interact with the person; they will experience lack of predictability in their interactions with the individual.
External continuity relates to our physical and social environments, roles we perform, and activities we engage in. Thus, the familiarity of his or her own home or a place where he or she spends time is important to an older person. The persistence of a particular role that a person has performed for years also provides a connection to the past as well as the future. When external continuity is lost, the person experiences distress because surroundings are not familiar or must be experienced without access to all senses. External continuity allows an individual to cope with physical and mental changes that challenge the ability to function. If a person experiences difficulty walking or has short memory lapses, knowing the layout of his or her home enables the person to navigate hallways or stairs with less difficulty.
Finally, continuity can be too little, optimal, or too much. Too little results in a lack of patterned activity, leading to unpredictability. Optimal continuity results when life adjustments are occurring at a rate consistent with the person's coping mechanisms. Too much continuity results in a lack of change and the person feels stuck in a non-changing environment.