________ means "sugar splitting."
Fill in the blank(s) with correct word
Glycolysis
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With __________, an animal learns to associate an
involuntary response to one stimulus with another stimulus. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Suppose that an error in transcription alters the formation of a single tRNA molecule in a cell. The altered tRNA still attaches to the same amino acid (Phe), but its anticodon loop has the sequence AAU, which binds to the mRNA codon UUA (usually specifying leucine, Leu). What will be the effect on translation in this cell?
A. One altered tRNA molecule will be relatively inconsequential because it will compete with many "normal" ones. B. The altered tRNA will result in an amino acid variant in all copies of the protein. C. The altered tRNA will be so unstable that it will not participate in translation. D. The altered tRNA will cause this mRNA to make only nonfunctioning product. E. The tRNA-Leu will not be able to enter the ribosome to bind to the UUA codon.
By the endosymbiotic theory, early eukaryotes acquired the mitochondrion from a symbiotic bacteria. What happened to the bacterial genes?
a. All of the bacterial genes were lost. b. All of the bacterial genes were transferred to the nuclear genome. c. All of the bacterial genes still exist and comprise the mitochondrial genome. d. All of the bacterial genes still exist and comprise the chloroplast genome. e. Some bacterial genes transferred to the nucleus, some were lost, and some comprise the mito-chondrial genome.
Which of the following is an example of artificial selection?
a. scientists have bred strains of the house mouse that are missing certain alleles. These strains were produced in the laboratory to allow scientists to study diseases that occur in humans. b. The ancestor of broccoli was weedy looking plant that looks very different than broccoli. Farmers selected plants with large stems and flowers and used their seeds to produce the next generation. Over time this became what we now call broccoli. c. Long ago people started to keep wild cats and bred the most docile ones. After many generations of doing this and selecting for traits that people liked, we now have domestic house cats. d. all of these