A patient who has been on a high-protein diet comes to the emergency department with respiratory symptoms. Upon analysis of arterial blood gases (ABGs), the patient is diagnosed with hypercapnia
The nurse will note the ABG results that confirm this diagnosis include: Select all that apply.
A)
pH 7.31 (normal 7.35 to 7.45).
B)
PO2 of 97%.
C)
PCO2 of 58 mm Hg (normal 38 to 42).
D)
Serum HCO3of -33 mEq/L (normal 22 to 28).
E)
Serum K+ (potassium)of 3.6 mmol/L (normal 3.5 to 5.0).
Ans:
A, C, D
Feedback:
Hypercapnia affects a number of body functions, including acid-base balance and renal, neurological, and CV functions. Elevated levels of PCO2 (38 to 42) produce a decrease in pH (7.35 to 7.45) and respiratory acidosis. Compensatory mechanisms result in an increase in serum HCO3 (22 to 28). In this example, the PO2 level is within normal range. Serum K+ is not part of the ABG analysis.
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