What role do criminal subcultures play in Braithwaite’s theory of shaming?

a. they make the offender an outcast
b. they engage in stigmatizing shaming more than reintegrative shaming
c. they provide systematic social support for crime
d. they reintegrate the offender into mainstream society


Answer: c. they provide systematic social support for crime

Criminal Justice

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The Supreme Court upheld a law allowing a child witness to be examined without having to make face-to-face contact with a defendant when a court makes ___________________ findings that such a procedure is necessary to protect the child witness

Fill in the blank(s) with correct word

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The belief in Allah and Muhammad as a prophet, is which religion?

a. Muslim b. Islam c. Taliban d. Hamas

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This army used guerilla war tactics in an effort to gain their country's independence from the British Commonwealth during the early 1920s

a. Iranian Militia Army b. Confederate Army c. Irish Republican Army d. Army of God

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Which spree murder prompted universities across the United States to revise their notification and security processes?

a. the killings at the University of Florida b. the killings at Colorado State c. the killings at the University of Maryland d. the killings at Virginia Tech

Criminal Justice