During pulmonary function tests, a patient with asthma is found to have approximately 500 mL of air moving in and out of the lungs during normal, quiet breathing. How would the nurse document this result?
1. Tidal volume
2. Expiratory reserve volume
3. Residual volume
4. Vital capacity
1
Rationale 1: Tidal volume (TV) is the amount of air (approximately 500 mL) that is moved in and out of the lungs with each normal, quiet breath.
Rationale 2: Expiratory reserve volume (ERV) is the approximately 1,000 mL of air that can be forced out over the tidal volume.
Rationale 3: The residual volume is the volume of air (approximately 1,100 mL) that remains in the lungs after a forced expiration.
Rationale 4: Vital capacity (VC) is the sum of TV + IRV + ERV and is approximately 4,500 mL in the healthy patient.
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