Describe the role of dopamine in reinforcing brain stimulation
What will be an ideal response?
Answer: The ventral tegmental area (VTA) projects to the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) via the mesolimbic dopamine pathway. Increases of dopamine within the NAcc are reinforcing. Natural reinforcers (food for a hungry rat) will elicit this increase in DA, as will drugs of abuse such as amphetamine that are also reinforcing (i.e., rats will make a response that delivers the drug into their blood stream or directly into the NAcc).
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How do nightmares and sleep terrors differ?
a. Nightmares are more frightening. b. Sleep terrors occur during REM sleep? nightmares do not. c. Nightmares are usually outgrown? sleep terrors are not. d. Sleep terrors tend to occur earlier in the night.
Statistics are
a. only useful in analyzing experimental research in psychology. b. useful in teaching a logical approach to data (information). c. impossible to calculate without a background in calculus. d. all the data in a population.
Phenotypes depend in part on an individual’s __________
A) cells B) chromosomes C) genotype D) DNA
Researchers have been able to induce memories of events that never happened
Indicate whether this statement is true or false.