Describe the shift in self-understanding during the middle years and explain why the shift occurs
What will be an ideal response?
A good answer would include the following key points:
1 . During this period, children begin to view themselves more in psychological terms and less in terms of physical attributes. Children will describe themselves based on psychological characteristics and inner traits that are more abstract than a younger child’s description.
2 . This takes place due to the child’s growing cognitive abilities, such as increased information-processing capabilities and a better understanding of theory of mind.
3 . During middle childhood, children’s self-concepts also become divided into personal and academic spheres. Children begin to discover they may be good at some things but not others. For example, a 10-year-old may describe herself as good in math but doesn’t play sports very well.
4 . In addition, the spheres can be broken down even further. For instance, the nonacademic self-concept includes the components of physical appearance, peer relations, and physical ability.
5 . Academic self-concept can be divided into the various subject matters.
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Owen and colleagues (2006) conducted research on a young woman who had been in a vegetative state for five months. When she was asked to imagine visiting rooms of her house, she
a. awakened from the vegetative state. b. remained in the state, but spoke aloud stating which rooms she was visiting. c. had a brain that responded in the same manner as a healthy brain would respond. d. showed no measurable neurological reaction to the stimulation.
A reliable test
A. measures what it was designed to measure. B. measures what it measures consistently. C. has good validity. D. measures many different concepts at once.
Voluntary movements of infants are also referred to as
A. cortical facilitories B. subcortical facilitories C. rudimentary movements D. contralateral creeping patterns
In terms of human development, poverty is considered______.
A. a major obstacle to optimal development B. an enhancement to resiliency C. in harmony with psychological functioning D. a source of continuity in the life course