Explain how an animal with a paralyzing spinal injury can be induced to walk, though it can't walk on its own. Diagram and label the structures involved. (Hint: Keep it simple; for example, you could draw a rectangle and label it "right leg muscle" and another for the left, and don't worry about drawing all neurons involved, just enough to show you understand the basics. You may wish to start
with a simple sketch of a muscle reflex then add on to it as necessary.)
What will be an ideal response?
If the animal is supported on a moving treadmill, the central pattern generators involved in walking will become active and will produce coordinated contraction and relaxation of limb muscles. Diagram should include a cross section of the spinal cord with an area labeled "central pattern generator," a sensory afferent, and a motor efferent as in any sketch of a reflex.
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Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
The narrow inferior region of the stomach is called the ____
a. fundus b. cardia c. pylorus d. duodenum
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The heme group from the phagocytized erythrocyte is converted into a green pigment called ________.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).