Which of the following elements is key to the framework for practice in Martha Rogers's theory?

Question

a. Human becoming
b. Manipulation of the patient's environment
c. Seven categories of behaviour and behavioural balance
d. Focus upon the life process of a human being along a time–space continuum

Answer 1

D

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A Rosemarie Parse's theory of human becoming (1997) viewed the individual as a unitary being who is "indivisible, unpredictable, and ever-changing" and "a freely choosing being who can be recognized through paradoxical patterns co-created all-at-once in mutual process with the universe."
B Nightingale's theory includes manipulation of the patient's environment (i.e., appropriate noise, nutrition, hygiene, light, comfort, socialization, and hope) in the framework for practice.
C Johnson's theory includes seven categories of behaviour and behavioural balance in the framework for practice.
D The framework for practice, according to Martha Rogers's theory, consisted of presenting the client of nursing not simply as a person but as an energy field in constant interaction with the environment, which itself was also an irreducible energy field, co-extensive with the universe. Nursing's role was to focus upon the life process of a human being along a time–space continuum.