Encopresis entails passing feces at inappropriate times or places. This seems to be the opposite of constipation, so how is it thought that constipation results in encopretic behavior?
What will be an ideal response?
When children don’t defecate for a long period of time the rectal wall is stretched and the nerves that line the rectum become less sensitive, such that children can no longer experience strongly the sensation that they need to defecate. Then, the fecal mass becomes impacted—rock hard and difficult to pass. Further, because it is so challenging, children come to associate bowel movements with pain through classical conditioning, furthering avoidance of the toilet. Fecal matter therefore builds up behind the mass, occasionally seeping out around the sides (overflow incontinence).
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Which of the following White Racial Attitude types are considered unachieved by Rowe, Behrens, and Leach?
A. Dominative B. Restorative C. Dissonant D. Reactive
Michael is hesitant to seek counseling for his work-related problems because he believes that he should find the inner strength to resolve his issues due to his strong religious values. If he decides to see a counselor, it will be important for the counselor to
a. view his religious values as a potential resource in promoting his well-being. b. challenge his belief that religion is a source of healing. c. ignore the influence of religion in his life since Michael's issues have nothing to do with religion. d. adopt Michael's religious values in order to work effectively with him.
What is the CAST?
(a) diagnostic instrument that asks questions related to parental problems with alcohol (b) clinical diagnosis of prenatal alcoholism (c) screening test for sibling abuse (d) both and b
Krumboltz's happenstance learning theory emphasizes'
a. the importance of taking advantage of unplanned events. b. being aware of clients' self-efficacy. c. listening to the harmony within oneself. d. rewriting the story of one's' lives.