Which of the outcomes, if any, is a Condorcet winner?
Imagine that three city council members are trying to decide how to spend a surplus.The options currently being debated are (i) spend it on improving primary education in the municipality, (ii) spend it on improving the level of medical care offered by the local hospital, or (iii) lower local taxes and use the surplus to cover the costs of existing programs.The council employs majority rule to make its decisions.The councillors have the following preference orderings over the spending choices:
Assume that the councillors hold a round-robin tournament that pits each alternative against every other alternative in a series of pair-wise votes.The winner is the alternative that wins the most contests.
A. education
B. medical
C. tax cut
D. there is no Condorcet winner in this example
D. there is no Condorcet winner in this example
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The President's budget ______.
A. sets the basic framework for spending and taxing in the United States B. is advisory, but Congress is required to vote on the President's budget so the voters have a clear choice of competing policy priorities C. sets the spending priorities of the government and represents an opening bid in negotiations D. has largely been dismantled as executive departments communicate directly with the Appropriations Committees to reduce political influences
Which of the following would be more important in regard to drawing lessons from history and applying them to current international events and problems?
a. a reliance on historical accounts that includes the most seemingly factual information, presented in neutral fashion b. an awareness of how greatly the world has changed over time, and that some concerns of the present, such as the role of nonstate actors and economic matters, were not concerns in earlier eras. c. an awareness of how the international, anarchic system of states is a relatively new thing, historically speaking, with almost nothing resembling it in earlier eras d. an awareness of how accounts of past international wars or incidents are influenced by the values and concerns of historians
In order to understand how data were collected, coded, and weighted, researchers use what is known as a:
A. Codebook B. Manualbook C. Guidebook D. Symbolbook
When the Supreme Court was asked to consider constitutional challenges to restrictions on speech in the McCain-Feingold campaign finance reform law of 2002 it
What will be an ideal response?