The broad term used to describe practice that is based on the results of empirical scientific research on clinical expertise, interventions, patients’ needs, values and preferences is called:
A. Clinical practice.
B. Psychological theory.
C. Empirically-supported treatment.
D. Evidence-based practice.
E. Managed care.
ANS: D
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Which of the following is not a contributor to complex nature of diversity and multiculturalism?
a. All individuals have multiple cultural and social identities. b. The saliency of each identity is not static and can change with time, place, and social environment. c. Individual identity is already formed at age seven or younger. d. Individuals from the same social and cultural group may differ in their sense of identity, cultural values, and worldviews.
Which one of the following is a basic assumption of reciprocal determinism?
a. Behavior is lawful b. Cognitions precede emotions c. Behavior is essential a response to environmental cures d. By changing the environment we can change cognitions and behavior.
Which of the following categories are NOT generally found in a report?
a. Significant medical/counseling history b. Substance use and abuse c. Vocational and educational history d. "Other" pertinent background information e. All of these are often found in a report.
Counselors who have unresolved personal conflicts:
A. need to recognize that their problems may interfere with their effectiveness and refrain from activities that would harm a client. B. must resolve all their difficulties before counseling others. C. are quite effective because they know how difficult it is to resolve problems. D. need to repress anxiety-provoking issues in their own lives before becoming effective counselors.