With sudden cessation of renal function, all body systems are affected by the inability to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and eliminate metabolic waste. In critically ill patients, renal dysfunction:
a. is a very rare problem.
b. affects nearly two thirds of patients.
c. has a low mortality once renal replacement therapy has been initiated.
d. has little effect on morbidity, mortality, or quality of life.
B
The kidney is the primary regulator of the body's internal environment. With sudden cessation of renal function, all body systems are affected by the inability to maintain fluid and electrolyte balance and eliminate metabolic waste. Renal dysfunction is a common problem in critically ill patients with nearly two thirds of patients experiencing some degree of renal dysfunction. The most severe cases requiring renal replacement therapy have a reported mortality of 50% to 60%. Acute kidney injury that progresses to chronic renal failure is associated with increased morbidity, mortality and reduced quality of life.
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