Classical conditioning is based on
a. the consequences of making a response.
b. what happens before we respond.
c. punishments the organism receives.
d. the observation of another organism being reinforced for a response.
B
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Freudian-based psychotherapy is administered by a psychologist or psychiatrist, referred to as a(n)
a. psychoanalyst. b. analytical therapist. c. cognitive insight therapist. d. psychosocial analyst.
Generalizing from data presented in the text, which of the following children would have the greatest chance of suffering from asthma?
a. Linnea, a middle-class white girl who lives in northern Minnesota b. Rollin, a poor African American boy who lives in St. Louis, Missouri c. Jose, a Hispanic middle-class Hispanic boy who lives in rural California d. Jeff, a poor white boy who lives on a farm in New York state
Regarding the causes of sexual dysfunction, which of the following best summarizes the data.
A. Sexual dysfunctions are mostly psychological in nature. B. Sexual dysfunctions are primarily physiological or due to the medications a person is taking. C. Sexual dysfunctions can be physiological or psychological. D. Sexual dysfunctions are mostly genetic.
The cumulative-deficit hypothesis is often used to explain
A. how deficits in school funding create ineffective schools. B. how people with lower IQs have more children, thus lowering the average IQ in a society. C. how the cumulative effects of a superior education create a feeling of never being satisfied. D. how the negative effects of an impoverished environment "snowball" over time to create lowered IQ scores.