Why is it important to include a placebo in a scientific study to assess the effectiveness of a drug?
A. It's actually unethical to do so-if you have a drug that you know to be effective, it's unethical to withhold that treatment from an ill patient.
B. A placebo-treated group will determine if the changes observed in the drug-treated illness group are due to a psychological effect rather than a physiologic/pharmacologic one.
C. It isn't scientifically important-a placebo simply helps investigators satisfy the legal requirements of the Food and Drug Administration in their testing process.
D. A placebo-treated group will determine if the changes observed in the illness in this non-treated group are due to a physiologic/pharmacologic effect rather than a psychological one.
B
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The first Archaea were found in extreme environments
1.True 2.False
When prey produce so many offspring in a short period of time that predators can attack only a fraction of them, it is referred to as
A) a numerical response. B) a functional response. C) predator satiation. D) cryptic reproduction.
The primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is to
A) use ATP to make glucose. B) convert light energy to the chemical energy of lipids. C) produce energy-rich ATP and NADPH. D) produce energy-rich glucose from carbon dioxide and water. E) produce NADPH used in respiration.
Acridine dyes distort the structure of DNA causing (frameshift/missense/nonsense) mutations in gene sequences. (Answer in terms of the effect on gene function.)
What will be an ideal response?