Disadvantages of epidural anesthesia include which of the following? (Select all that apply.)
a. Slower onset
b. Less hypotension
c. Placement takes longer
d. Possible systemic toxicity
e. Potential fetal bradycardia
f. Higher incidence of inadequate block
C, D, E, F
Disadvantages of epidural anesthesia include placement takes longer, possible systemic toxicity, potential fetal bradycardia, higher incidence of inadequate block, larger placental transfer, and potential maternal hypotension. Advantages of epidural anesthesia include slower onset, less hypotension, awake client, and titratable level and duration.
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A nurse cares for a client in skeletal traction. The nurse notes that the skin around the client's pin sites is swollen, red, and crusty with dried drainage. Which action should the nurse take next?
a. Request a prescription to decrease the traction weight. b. Apply an antibiotic ointment and a clean dressing. c. Cleanse the area, scrubbing off the crusty areas. d. Obtain a prescription to culture the drainage.
The nurse knows that a client with prolonged prothrombin time (PT) values (not related to medication) probably has dysfunction in which organ?
a. Kidneys b. Liver c. Spleen d. Stomach
A client with a gastrointestinal disease is admitted for dehydration. The physician treats the disease and the nurse treats the client's response to the disease. On what should the nurse focus?
1. The medications the client should take 2. The diet the client is on 3. Measures to ease skin breakdown from diarrhea 4. Levels of pain medications
A client who has been diagnosed with a benign tumor asks the nurse how long it will be until the tumor begins to spread. The nurse should teach the client that:
1. malignant tumors are slow-growing. 2. benign tumors are encapsulated and local. 3. benign tumors spread through the lymphatic system. 4. malignant tumors are not invasive.