Refinery Worker with History of Kidney Stones: Steve Forbes is a 52-year-old refinery worker who wrecked his motorcycle on the way to work one morning. He was taken to the emergency room with multiple broken bones, and a CT scan was performed to rule
out internal injuries. Incidentally, the results of the CT scan showed that Mr. Forbes had two large stones in his right kidney. After Mr. Forbes's broken bones healed, he underwent surgery to have the kidney stones removed. An analysis of the stones determined that they were calcium oxalate stones. Two years later, Mr. Forbes experienced severe back pain, nausea, and the inability to urinate. He returned to the emergency room for treatment.Which medications are used to prevent or treat calcium oxalate stones?
Thiazide diuretics to reduce urinary calcium. Cholestyramine reduces oxalate absorption. Allopurinol reduces uric acid production. Potassium citrate inhibits formation and growth of crystals.
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Foods containing sorbitol or other sugar alcohols should not be given to infants because they
a. promote diarrhea. b. promote constipation. c. increase lead absorption. d. decrease iron absorption.
Most nutrient absorption occurs in:
a. the stomach. b. the large intestine. c. the small intestine. d. the liver.
Which of the following events is protected by the U.S. constitution?
A) A professor's opinion about a particular nutrient supplement B) Fraudulent statements made about a dietary supplement in an advertisement C) A product label with a misleading nutrition claim D) Sending fraudulent information and/or receiving payment for a bogus nutritional product through the U.S. postal service
Electron transport is the process by which ________.
A. fatty acids break apart to form acetyl-CoA B. energy derived from NADH + H+ and FADH2 is used to generate ATP C. glucose breaks apart to form pyruvate D. NADH + H+ and FADH2 are converted to NAD+ and FAD, donating electrons and hydrogen ions to oxygen E. amino groups move from a donor to an acceptor