When describing phylogenetic trees, each branching point is called a(n) ____
a. clade
b. node
c. point
d. root
e. split
ANSWER: b
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Ultraviolet light is a mutagen, but humans need some exposure to it to synthesize vitamin D. The amount of ultraviolet light that penetrates the skin depends on the skin's pigmentation: more melanin (skin pigment) means less penetration
Certain mutations result in decreased melanin production. Such mutations: A. are harmful only if inherited from both parents. B. are beneficial only if inherited from both parents. C. are neutral only if inherited from one parent, not the other. D. may be harmful in one environment and beneficial in another.
The origin of the mitochondrion and chloroplast by endosymbiosis, hypothesizes that these organelles originated by
A. the fusion of two archean cells to form an early eukaryote. B. the absorption of RNA from prokaryotic cells. C. prokaryotic cells that became internal symbionts within an early eukaryotic cell. D. the uptake of free DNA from the environment. E. prokaryotic cells being engulfed and becoming external symbionts within an early bacteria cell.
How are parasitoids different than parasites?
a. they are usually not insects b. they affect only plants c. the host is killed d. they have no lasting effect on their hosts e. they usually only affect the eggs of birds
Some viruses cause disease; they act as __________
in humans. Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).