A client with low back pain has been instructed to use ice therapy at home at part of the treatment for the pain. When using ice, the client should be instructed to:
1. Apply ice for 30 minutes each time.
2. Apply ice for 15 minutes each time.
3. Avoid exercising for at least 2 hours after the application of ice.
4. Rest in bed for one hour after applying ice.
2. Apply ice for 15 minutes each time.
Rationale:
Ice remaining on the skin longer than 15 minutes causes an adverse effect known as the rebound phenomenon. Maximum constriction with ice occurs when the skin reaches a temperature of 60°F. Prolonged cold can create a drop in temperature at which point vasodilation occurs. The client should be instructed to apply ice for 15 minutes each time. The application of ice for 30 minutes is too long. There is no evidence to suggest that the client should not exercise for 2 hours after the application of ice or that the client needs to rest in bed for 1 hour after the application of ice.
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