What are the essential elements that led the Phoenicians and Greeks to become civilizations based on colonization and trade?
What will be an ideal response?
A. Phoenicians
1. water accessibility
a. excellent harbors
2. resources for export
a. timber exports
b. fir and cedar for shipbuilding
3. reputation for good craftsmenship
4. did not have land for farming
5. colonization as a way to establish trading posts
B. Greeks
1. industry and trade were ways to escape rural poverty
2. clay pots and olives main exports
a. olive crops as exports had advantages
1. seasonal crop that left time for seafaring
2. grew in less fertile soil and at high altitudes
3. had many uses
3. colonization a result of growing population and diminishing resources
a. iron tools had improved agriculture and increased food production
b. led to an increase in population
c. more people meant more demands on food and land
4. much like Phoenician colonization experience
a. city-states at home, outreach by sea, colonies abroad
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