Assessing whether there is a plausible causal mechanism that could explain a correlation...

A. is not necessary when we find a correlation in a population that had a < .05 probability of happening by chance, since we can reject the "mere chance" hypothesis regardless of how implausible the causal mechanism is
B. is important because unless we find a correlation in a population that had a < .05 probability of happening by chance, we can reject the "mere chance" hypothesis if the causal mechanism is sufficiently implausible
C. is important because even when we find a correlation in a population that had a < .05 probability of happening by chance, whether we should reject the "mere chance" hypothesis can depend on the plausibility of the causal mechanism
D. is not necessary, but when the mechanism is sufficiently plausible, we should never reject the causal hypothesis regardless of whether the correlation is statistically significant


Ans: C. is important because even when we find a correlation in a population that had a < .05 probability of happening by chance, whether we should reject the "mere chance" hypothesis can depend on the plausibility of the causal mechanism

Philosophy & Belief

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