If your mouth waters each time you eat a cookie, you may learn to salivate when you merely see a cookie or a picture of cookie. Your mouth watering to the sight of a cookie illustrates
a. an automatic, non-learned response.
b. learning by consequences.
c. classical conditioning.
d. operant conditioning.
ANSWER: c
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Which theory would most likely predict that boys raised without a father figure will have difficulty developing a strongly masculine gender identity?
A.
B.
C.
D.
A correlation coefficient is a number
a. indicating the percentile of a score. b. representing a location on the normal curve. c. that expresses the strength and direction of a relationship between two variables. d. that presents the average relationship.
In studies conducted by Elizabeth Loftus and her colleagues, individuals were told about false events that had supposedly occurred when they were children. The results of these studies indicate that
A. people cannot be convinced of events that did not happen. B. people can become quite convinced of events that never happened. C. only individuals with diagnosable disorders can be convinced of events that never happened. D. people can become convinced of events that did not happen only during hypnosis or other dissociative states.
When an individual, who is part of a larger group, chooses to put forth less effort than other group members, _____ occurs
a) cognitive dissonance b) social loafing c) conformity d) the bystander effect