Kartagener's syndrome, characterized by frequent respiratory infections, arises from a defect in which respiratory structure?

a. Cartilage in bronchi
b. Cilia in respiratory epithelia
c. Goblet cells in bronchioles
d. Pulmonary alveolar capillaries
e. Surfactant in alveolar cells


ANS: B
Kartagener's syndrome is caused by a defective type of dynein in epithelial cilia that makes them nonmotile.

Anatomy & Physiology

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In the lab you are re-creating the metabolic pathway that produces the hormone testosterone. Unfortunately, you've run out of the enzyme that catalyzes the third reaction. It's no problem, though, because you can substitute any of the other enzymes as all enzymes in a metabolic pathway are interchangeable.

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Anatomy & Physiology