While undergoing a kidney transplant from a nonfamily member, the patient's transplanted kidney has just had the arterial clamps removed. The OR staff notice that the organ is turning purple with no urine output
When explaining to the family why they had to remove the donor kidney, the nurse will anticipate that the surgeon would likely include which statement?
A)
Obviously, there has been a mismatch during the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) testing.
B)
The circulating B and T lymphocytes are just doing their job.
C)
Hyperacute rejection occurs because antibodies against HLA antigens are deposited in vessels causing necrosis.
D)
Previous exposure to the HLA antigens is responsible for the high titers of complement fixing antibodies that cause the rejection.
Ans:
C
Feedback:
Antibody-mediated rejection can be hyperacute, which occurs almost immediately after vascular reperfusion to graft tissue occurs. Performed antibodies against HLA antigens are deposited in the tissue endothelium and microvasculature where they activate the classic complement pathway causing tissue necrosis and graft injury.
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