A patient with cirrhosis has begun displaying signs and symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse prepares to administer lactulose per the prescriber's order. The nurse understands that this drug has been ordered to
a. reduce cerebral edema.
b. reduce abdominal ascites.
c. lower ammonia levels.
d. reduce the hepatic enzymes.
ANS: C
Lactulose is the only laxative known to lower ammonia levels in patients with portal hypertension and hepatic encephalopathy secondary to liver disease.
Lactulose does not work to reduce cerebral edema, nor is there any indication the patient is experiencing it.
Lactulose does not work to reduce abdominal ascites.
Lactulose does not reduce liver enzymes.
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