Raj and Ben are best friends. Raj regularly participates in marathons and is part of the marathon runners club at his university. Ben also wants to be part of the club but is not a very strong runner
Ben decides to start running every day so that he can soon participate in a marathon and become part of the club. Given this information, marathon runners act as which type of reference group for Ben?
a. A secondary reference group
b. A primary reference group
c. An aspirational reference group
d. A nonaspirational reference group
ANSWER: c
The marathon runners are an aspirational reference group for Ben. An aspirational reference group is a group that a person would like to join. To join an aspirational group, a person must at least conform to the norms of the group. Ben wants to be a marathon runner, and he needs to be a strong runner in order to be accepted in the marathon runners club at university.
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