Which of the following best describes the conclusions about changes in average IQ with age drawn from cross-sectional versus longitudinal studies?
a. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional findings show similar significant declines in IQ scores beginning at about age 40 or 45.
b. Both longitudinal and cross-sectional findings show similar maintenance of IQ through old age.
c. Cross-sectional findings indicate maintenance of IQ scores well into old age, while longitudinal data indicate a decline in IQ beginning at about age 50.
d. Cross-sectional findings point to a decline in IQ beginning at about age 35, while longitudinal data point to much longer maintenance of IQ.
D
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Skinner argued that psychology is the science of:
a. normal adults. c. individual differences. b. conscious processes. d. behavior.
Regarding sources of motivation, self-gratification is to as money is to
a. intrinsic; avoidance b. avoidance; intrinsic c. extrinsic; avoidance d. avoidance; extrinsic e. intrinsic; extrinsic
Another way to describe ______ is that it is a value where 50% of the scores in the distribution are at that value or lower.
A. mean B. median C. mode D. central tendency
Which statement is true of the cortical areas that are sometimes known as "association areas"?
A. They have primary control over processes of thinking and reasoning. B. They are best described as additional sensory areas. C. They form associations between touch and hearing. D. They integrate information from more than one sensory system.