The nurse assessing a client determines that which of the following findings would predispose the client to cataract formation?
1. Age 75 years
2. Nonsmoker
3. Minimal direct sun exposure
4. Hypertension
1. Age 75
Rationale:
Age is the greatest single risk factor for cataracts. Environmental and lifestyle factors, such as long-term exposure to sunlight, increase the risk for cataracts; cigarette smoking and heavy alcohol consumption are associated with earlier cataract development. Eye trauma, including injury to the lens capsule by a foreign body, blunt trauma, or exposure to heat or radiation, can precipitate cataract formation. Diabetes mellitus is associated with earlier development of cataracts, especially when the blood glucose level is not carefully controlled at or near normal levels. Certain drugs, such as systemic or inhaled corticosteroids, chlorpromazine (Thorazine), and busulfan (Myleran), also prompt the formation of cataracts. The one assessment finding that would predispose the client to cataract formation is the client's age. The other findings would not.
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