Pathogens are able to produce enzymes that directly destroy or inactivate antibodies. These enzymes are referred to as:
a. proteases.
b. nucleases.
c. collagenases.
d. polymerases.
A
Antibodies are classified as proteins, and proteases are enzymes that break down proteins.
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Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacterial chromosomes?
A. they are single stranded B. they are around 10? smaller than eukaryotic chromosomes C. they contain gene coding regions and regulatory regions D. they have 10-base-pair regions that control DNA folding E. they have only one origin of replication
During an action potential, the membrane potential can reach as high as
a. +30 mV. b. +40 mV. c. +50 mV. d. +60 mV. e. +70 mV.
Which of the following is produced during the hydrogenation of vegetable oils?
a. HDLs b. LDLs c. trans fatty acids
d. omega-3 fatty acids e. neuropeptide Y
Sporulation generally occurs under which of the following circumstances?
A) when conditions are unfavorable or there are insufficient nutrients B) when microbes are exposed to a new, favorable environment C) when microbes are under little stress and can become dormant D) when resources become highly abundant