In a matched-groups design, after selecting a sample of subjects, you:
A. select only the most intelligent subjects for inclusion in your research.
B. randomly assign subjects to your groups.
C. match pairs of subjects on some measured characteristic (e.g., intelligence), and randomly assign one member of each pair across experimental groups.
D. None of the answers is correct.
Answer: C
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The research on family planning in developing countries shows that
a. countries that are predominantly Catholic have the lowest rate of contraceptive use. b. countries in Africa are more likely than countries in Latin America to have a high rate of contraceptive use. c. there is a strong correlation between female literacy rate and the use of contraceptives. d. worldwide, the overall rate of contraceptive use—by sexually active couples—is now approaching 80%.
Which of the following is used to test the statistical significance of correlations?
a. The regression line b. The t distribution c. The coefficient of relatedness d. The slope and the intercept
Research on circadian rhythms has shown that one of the best ways to increase the alertness and efficiency of workers on night shifts is to ____
a. expose them to bright lights while they work b. keep the environmental temperature constant from night to day c. have them eat a big meal before going to sleep d. allow them to catnap
When choosing the levels of the independent variable, it is important
a. to choose equal intervals b. not to have more than two or three c. to have no more than one for any experiment d. to space the stimuli close enough such that overlooking any interesting relationship between the stimuli is unlikely