Why do schools in the United States continue to offer the D.A.R.E. program when it does not effectively minimize substance use in youths?
What will be an ideal response?
A research study in in 2005 by Birkeland and colleagues indicated that many school officials are aware of the research on the effectiveness of D.A.R.E. Some claimed that they never expected the program would be successful in minimizing substance use, so they didn’t find the research surprising (this might be called the hindsight bias). Others said the value of the program was in strengthening connections with police officers. Others who were aware of the research discounted it saying that their personal experiences showed it was effective—this may be an example of cognitive dissonance.
Learning Objective: LO 10.3. Evaluate the effectiveness of interventions designed to prevent substance use problems in adolescents. Differentiate among the major approaches to treating adolescent substance use disorders, such as 12-step treatment, cognitive–behavior relapse prevention, motivational interviewing, and family therapy.
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Which of the following is TRUE about the assessment of traits?
a. Most structured personality assessments deal with traits, rather than states. b. Most trait inventories are transient or situation-dependent. c. States are superior to traits when conducting a personality assessment. d. Traits are less able than states at predicting an individual’s future behavior.
Laaser uses Ecclesiastes 7:18, “It is good to grasp the one and not let go of the other. Whoever fears God will avoid all extremes,” to illustrate the concept of _________________, a way to help clients move away from black and white thinking.
Fill in the blank(s) with the appropriate word(s).
Family therapists generally assume that it is inevitable that: a. no family will truly become a healthy unit
b. they will meet parts of their family in every other family with whom they have a professional relationship. c. all families with severe issues will NOT seek assistance through counseling. d. families cannot change unhealthy boundaries and family rules.
In solution-focused coping conversations, scaling questions are used in wach of the following ways except which one?
a. Reinforce coping successes. b. Evaluate the severity of past suicide attempts. c. Explore pre-session coping changes. d. Formulate the next step in coping.