A researcher wants to see if sleep can affect test scores. A party is thrown the night before an exam, and all students are required to attend. No one is allowed to get more than 4 hours of sleep prior to the exam. A month later, the researcher does a posttest, and all students get at least 8 hours of sleep the night before the exam. This results in statistics of t = 2.84, degree of freedom (100
– 1) = 99, and p =.03. Which statistical test, if any, was conducted in this study?
1. An independent sample t test
2. A dependent sample t test
3. A nursing student t test
4. An analysis of variance or ANOVA
2
Rationale 1: The first clue should be the statistic of t =. However, this just tells you it is a t test, not which type of t test. There are not only two sets of test scores, but the same group took the test both times, making this a dependent sample t test.
Rationale 2: As in this case, the paired or dependent sample t test usually has two measures on one group, a before and an after measure.
Rationale 3: There is not a common statistical test with this name.
Rationale 4: ANOVAs are reported as F values, not t values.
Global Rationale:
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A valid history and physical examination can serve to:
a. create higher health care costs. b. limit the indiscriminate use of diagnostics. c. threaten patient satisfaction. d. increase the risk of liability.
The nurse is preparing to apply a moist aquathermia pack to a client's left upper leg. In which order should the nurse prepare and apply this treatment?
1. Use tape or gauze ties to hold the pad in place. 2. Set the desired temperature according to the manufacturer's instructions. 3. Apply the pad to the body part. The treatment is usually continued for 30 minutes. 4. Fill the reservoir of the unit two-thirds full of water as specified by the manufacturer. 5. Cover the pad and plug in the unit. Check for any leaks or malfunctions of the pad before use.
As part of routine data collection, a nurse is required to observe the characteristics of urine of assigned clients
Which observation would be the most accurate to document in the electronic medical record regarding the characteristics of a client's urine? A) Light amber-colored urine is seen in the case of dehydration. B) Strong ammonia-like odor is normal in freshly voided urine. C) Change in the normal color of urine may be caused by medications. D) Orange-brown colored urine is seen in the case of overhydration.
A nurse who provides the information and support that clients and their families need to make the decision that is right for them is practicing what principle of bioethics?
a. Justice b. Fidelity c. Nonmaleficence d. Autonomy